AMINOSYN 5%
Clinical safety rating: caution
Comprehensive clinical and safety monograph for AMINOSYN 5% (AMINOSYN 5%).
Aminosyn 5% provides essential and nonessential amino acids for protein synthesis, maintaining nitrogen balance, and supporting tissue repair in patients unable to tolerate oral intake.
| Metabolism | Amino acids are metabolized via deamination, transamination, and decarboxylation in the liver and other tissues, with nitrogen converted to urea via the urea cycle. |
| Excretion | Amino acids are metabolized; nitrogen is excreted renally as urea (80-90%) and in feces (5-10%). |
| Half-life | Not applicable as a drug; amino acids have rapid turnover with half-lives varying from minutes to hours depending on the individual amino acid. |
| Protein binding | Minimal to moderate binding to plasma proteins (e.g., albumin), varying by amino acid (10-50%). |
| Volume of Distribution | Total body water, approximately 0.6 L/kg, reflecting distribution into all fluid compartments. |
| Bioavailability | 100% intravenous; not administered via other routes due to lack of absorption. |
| Onset of Action | Not applicable; amino acids are nutrients with immediate metabolic incorporation upon infusion. |
| Duration of Action | Not applicable; amino acids are continuously utilized and metabolized, with effects lasting as long as infusion continues. |
Intravenous infusion; 500 mL of 5% solution (25 g protein equivalent) per day, typically at a rate not exceeding 100 mL/hour. Dosage individualized based on protein requirements and metabolic status.
| Dosage form | INJECTABLE |
| Renal impairment | GFR 30-59 mL/min: Reduce dose by 50%; GFR 15-29 mL/min: Reduce dose by 75%; GFR <15 mL/min: Avoid use unless on dialysis, then dose as for GFR 15-29. |
| Liver impairment | Child-Pugh A: No adjustment; Child-Pugh B: Reduce dose by 50%; Child-Pugh C: Avoid use. |
| Pediatric use | Intravenous infusion; 2-3 g protein equivalent/kg/day (40-60 mL/kg/day of 5% solution). Rate not to exceed 0.1 g protein equivalent/kg/hour. |
| Geriatric use | Start at low end of adult dosing (250 mL/day) and titrate based on renal function and metabolic tolerance; monitor fluid and electrolyte balance closely. |
| 1st trimester | Consult provider |
| 2nd trimester | Consult provider |
| 3rd trimester | Consult provider |
Clinical note
Comprehensive clinical and safety monograph for AMINOSYN 5% (AMINOSYN 5%).
| Breastfeeding | Aminosin 5% is present in breast milk in low quantities. Milk-to-plasma ratio is not established, but it is considered compatible with breastfeeding when used for standard nutritional support. |
| Teratogenic Risk | Aminosin 5% is a nutritional supplement containing amino acids. No teratogenic effects have been reported in human or animal studies. There is no evidence of fetal risk in any trimester; however, use only if clearly needed. |
| Fetal Monitoring |
■ FDA Black Box Warning
None.
| Serious Effects |
["Hypersensitivity to any component.","Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism (e.g., maple syrup urine disease, phenylketonuria).","Severe hepatic failure or uremia without dialysis."]
| Precautions | ["Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance.","Risk of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, or hyperosmolar state.","Hepatic or renal impairment may require dose adjustment.","Use caution in patients with severe electrolyte imbalances or metabolic disorders."] |
| Food/Dietary | No oral food interactions exist as this is an intravenous product. However, ensure that oral intake does not lead to electrolyte imbalances or fluid overload. Use with caution if the patient is also receiving enteral nutrition. |
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| Monitor maternal fluid and electrolyte balance, renal function, and nutritional status. Fetal monitoring (e.g., ultrasound for growth) is recommended in prolonged use during pregnancy. |
| Fertility Effects | No known adverse effects on fertility in males or females. Adequate nutrition may support normal reproductive function. |
| Clinical Pearls | Aminosyn 5% is a crystalline amino acid solution used for parenteral nutrition. Monitor serum electrolytes, BUN, and ammonia levels regularly. Avoid rapid infusion to prevent metabolic acidosis. Use with caution in patients with hepatic or renal impairment. Ensure adequate non-protein calories (dextrose/lipids) to promote nitrogen utilization. |
| Patient Advice | This solution is given intravenously and provides protein for your body. · You may need regular blood tests to check your kidney and liver function. · Report any signs of infection at the IV site, such as redness or swelling. · Inform your healthcare provider if you experience nausea, vomiting, or dizziness. · Do not adjust the infusion rate on your own. |