Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL 5 versus ADDERALL XR 10.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL 5 versus ADDERALL XR 10.
ADDERALL 5 vs ADDERALL XR 10
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall 5 is a combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine, which are central nervous system stimulants. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic neurons.
Adderall XR 10 contains a mixture of amphetamine salts, which are central nervous system stimulants. The dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine components increase synaptic concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic terminals. This action leads to enhanced neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions involved in attention and executive function.
Initial: 5 mg orally once or twice daily; increase by 5 mg increments at weekly intervals. Maximum: 40 mg/day in divided doses.
10 mg orally once daily in the morning; maximum dose 40 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Immediate-release: 9–11 hours (mean 10 hours for dextroamphetamine); extended-release: 10–13 hours. Terminal half-life may be prolonged with urinary pH >7.
Dexamphetamine: 10-13 hours in adults (children: 6-8 hours); levoamphetamine: 13-16 hours; clinically, steady-state achieved in approximately 3 days, with twice-daily dosing maintaining therapeutic levels
Renal (90% as unchanged drug and metabolites; ~30% unchanged), minor fecal elimination (<5%).
Renal (approximately 30-40% as unchanged amphetamine, remainder as metabolites, including deaminated and oxidized products; urinary pH-dependent elimination: acidic pH increases renal clearance, alkaline pH decreases renal clearance; negligible biliary/fecal elimination)
Category C
Category C
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant