Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL 5 versus PEMOLINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL 5 versus PEMOLINE.
ADDERALL 5 vs PEMOLINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall 5 is a combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine, which are central nervous system stimulants. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic neurons.
Pemoline is a central nervous system stimulant that enhances dopaminergic and noradrenergic transmission by blocking the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine at the synaptic cleft. It also has mild monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.
Initial: 5 mg orally once or twice daily; increase by 5 mg increments at weekly intervals. Maximum: 40 mg/day in divided doses.
Oral, 37.5 mg once daily in the morning; may increase by 18.75 mg weekly to a maximum of 112.5 mg/day (divided into 2 doses if total dose > 75 mg).
None Documented
None Documented
Immediate-release: 9–11 hours (mean 10 hours for dextroamphetamine); extended-release: 10–13 hours. Terminal half-life may be prolonged with urinary pH >7.
Terminal elimination half-life is 8-12 hours in children; 12-16 hours in adults. Steady-state is reached within 2-3 days.
Renal (90% as unchanged drug and metabolites; ~30% unchanged), minor fecal elimination (<5%).
Pemoline is primarily excreted renally as unchanged drug (40-50%) and metabolites; approximately 20-30% is excreted in feces via biliary elimination.
Category C
Category C
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant