Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 20 versus CYLERT.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 20 versus CYLERT.
ADDERALL XR 20 vs CYLERT
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall XR 20 is a combination of amphetamine enantiomers (dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine). It increases synaptic levels of dopamine and norepinephrine by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic terminals.
CNS stimulant; increases extracellular dopamine and norepinephrine levels by blocking their reuptake and enhancing release.
20 mg orally once daily in the morning.
37.5 mg orally once daily in the morning; may increase by 18.75 mg weekly to a maximum of 112.5 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Approximately 10-13 hours for d-amphetamine and 13-15 hours for l-amphetamine in adults; in children, 9-11 hours. The extended-release formulation provides a prolonged therapeutic effect masking shorter elimination.
Terminal elimination half-life is 12-30 hours in children (mean 19 hours) and 8-14 hours in adults; the long half-life supports once-daily dosing, but accumulation can occur with repeated dosing
Approximately 90% of an oral dose is excreted renally, with 30% as unchanged amphetamine and the remainder as metabolites (including hippuric acid, benzoic acid, and hydroxylated derivatives). Fecal/biliary excretion accounts for <10%.
Primarily renal (80-90% as unchanged drug and metabolites, with 50-60% as unchanged pemoline), minor biliary/fecal elimination (<10%)
Category C
Category C
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant