Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus AMPHETAMINE SULFATE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus AMPHETAMINE SULFATE.
ADDERALL XR 5 vs AMPHETAMINE SULFATE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall XR 5 contains a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which are central nervous system stimulants. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic neurons.
Increases presynaptic release of dopamine and norepinephrine, blocks reuptake, and inhibits monoamine oxidase, resulting in CNS stimulation.
20 mg orally once daily in the morning
5–60 mg/day orally in 1–3 divided doses, initial 5 mg once or twice daily, increase by 5 mg weekly.
None Documented
None Documented
d-Amphetamine: 10-13 hours (adults), 11-14 hours (children); l-Amphetamine: 13-15 hours (adults). The prolonged terminal half-life of the extended-release formulation supports once-daily dosing.
Terminal elimination half-life: 10-13 hours in adults with acidic urine; prolonged to 16-34 hours with alkaline urine. In children, half-life is typically shorter (6-8 hours).
Renal (approximately 90% as unchanged drug and metabolites, with 30-40% as unchanged amphetamine), fecal (minimal, <5%)
Renal excretion of unchanged amphetamine (approximately 30-40%) and its metabolites; urinary pH-dependent: acidic urine enhances elimination (up to 70% unchanged), alkaline urine reduces it. Minor biliary/fecal elimination (<10%).
Category C
Category D/X
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant