Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE.
ADDERALL XR 5 vs DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall XR 5 contains a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which are central nervous system stimulants. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic neurons.
Increases extracellular levels of norepinephrine and dopamine by blocking reuptake and promoting release from presynaptic terminals, via trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonism and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibition.
20 mg orally once daily in the morning
5-60 mg/day orally divided every 4-6 hours, starting at 5 mg once or twice daily.
None Documented
None Documented
d-Amphetamine: 10-13 hours (adults), 11-14 hours (children); l-Amphetamine: 13-15 hours (adults). The prolonged terminal half-life of the extended-release formulation supports once-daily dosing.
9-11 hours (adults); clinical context: twice-daily dosing achieves steady-state in ~2-3 days.
Renal (approximately 90% as unchanged drug and metabolites, with 30-40% as unchanged amphetamine), fecal (minimal, <5%)
Primarily renal (30-50% unchanged at acidic pH, less at alkaline pH); ~50% as metabolites (mostly deaminated and hydroxylated); minimal biliary/fecal.
Category C
Category D/X
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant