Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus METADATE ER.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADDERALL XR 5 versus METADATE ER.
ADDERALL XR 5 vs METADATE ER
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adderall XR 5 contains a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which are central nervous system stimulants. They increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting their reuptake and promoting their release from presynaptic neurons.
Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant that inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine into presynaptic neurons, increasing their concentrations in the synaptic cleft. It also acts as a weak agonist at serotonin receptors.
20 mg orally once daily in the morning
Initial: 10-20 mg orally once daily in the morning. May increase by 10-20 mg at weekly intervals. Maximum: 60 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
d-Amphetamine: 10-13 hours (adults), 11-14 hours (children); l-Amphetamine: 13-15 hours (adults). The prolonged terminal half-life of the extended-release formulation supports once-daily dosing.
Terminal elimination half-life: 3-6 hours (mean 4.5 hours) for methylphenidate; clinical context: requires multiple daily dosing or extended-release formulation.
Renal (approximately 90% as unchanged drug and metabolites, with 30-40% as unchanged amphetamine), fecal (minimal, <5%)
Renal (80% as metabolites, <1% unchanged); fecal (10-20%) via biliary elimination.
Category C
Category C
CNS Stimulant
CNS Stimulant