Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL versus VITRASERT.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL versus VITRASERT.
ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL vs VITRASERT
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Adefovir dipivoxil is a prodrug of adefovir, an acyclic nucleotide analog of adenosine monophosphate. It is phosphorylated intracellularly to adefovir diphosphate, which inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase by competing with the natural substrate deoxyadenosine triphosphate and causing DNA chain termination after incorporation into viral DNA.
Vitrasert (ganciclovir implant) releases ganciclovir, a nucleoside analog that inhibits cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication by competitively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase (UL54) after intracellular phosphorylation to ganciclovir triphosphate. This results in chain termination and viral DNA synthesis inhibition.
10 mg orally once daily on an empty stomach.
Intravitreal implant containing 0.59 mg fluocinolone acetonide; inserted into the vitreous cavity; releases drug over approximately 36 months; no systemic dosing.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateAdefovir dipivoxil + Teriflunomide
"The serum concentration of Teriflunomide can be increased when it is combined with Adefovir dipivoxil."
Clinical Note
moderateAdefovir dipivoxil + Tenofovir disoproxil
"The therapeutic efficacy of Tenofovir disoproxil can be decreased when used in combination with Adefovir dipivoxil."
Terminal elimination half-life is 7.5 hours (range 5–10 h); clinically, supports once-daily dosing with dose adjustment for renal impairment.
Terminal half-life of 2.8 hours following intravitreal injection; sustained local levels for 2-3 weeks.
Renal (90% as unchanged drug via active tubular secretion); biliary/fecal (<5%)
Primarily biliary/fecal (approximately 90%) with minimal renal excretion (<10% unchanged in urine).
Category C
Category C
Antiviral
Antiviral