Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADRENACLICK versus EPIPEN E Z PEN.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ADRENACLICK versus EPIPEN E Z PEN.
ADRENACLICK vs EPIPEN E Z PEN
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Epinephrine is a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine that acts on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Alpha-1 receptor activation causes vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure and reducing mucosal edema. Beta-1 receptor activation increases heart rate and contractility. Beta-2 receptor activation causes bronchodilation and vasodilation.
Epinephrine is a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine that acts on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Alpha-adrenergic stimulation increases peripheral vascular resistance, reversing hypotension and improving coronary perfusion. Beta-adrenergic stimulation causes bronchodilation, positive inotropy, and chronotropy.
100 to 200 mcg sublingually as needed for severe allergic reaction, may repeat every 5-15 minutes.
0.3 mg intramuscularly every 5-15 minutes as needed for anaphylaxis. Administer into anterolateral thigh.
None Documented
None Documented
2.0-2.5 hours in adults with normal renal function; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 24 hours in anuria).
The terminal elimination half-life of epinephrine is approximately 2-3 minutes when administered intravenously. The short half-life necessitates repeated doses or continuous infusion for sustained effect.
Primarily renal (80-90% as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion), with 10-20% fecal via biliary elimination.
Epinephrine is rapidly metabolized in the liver and other tissues by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). Approximately 80-90% of an intravenous dose is excreted in the urine as inactive metabolites (metanephrine, vanillylmandelic acid, 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid) with less than 5% excreted unchanged.
Category C
Category C
Adrenergic Agonist
Adrenergic Agonist