Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ALPHACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ALPHACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
ALPHACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE vs ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Local anesthetic that reversibly blocks sodium ion channels in neuronal membranes, preventing the generation and propagation of action potentials.
Arestocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the amide type. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthesia.
1–2% solution via local infiltration or nerve block, up to a maximum of 4.5 mg/kg (or 300 mg) without epinephrine; with epinephrine, maximum 7 mg/kg (or 500 mg).
2-5 mg/kg intramuscularly every 60-90 minutes, not to exceed 500 mg total dose in a 12-hour period.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal half-life 2.5-3.5 hours in adults; prolonged to 4-6 hours in hepatic impairment or elderly.
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic and renal function; prolonged in hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure.
Primarily renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites (70-80%); minor biliary elimination (10-15%); fecal excretion <5%.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites; approximately 90% excreted in urine as parent compound and metabolites (60% as unchanged drug, 30% as metabolites), with less than 10% fecal elimination.
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic