Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMANTADINE versus PENCICLOVIR.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMANTADINE versus PENCICLOVIR.
AMANTADINE vs PENCICLOVIR
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Amantadine is an antiviral and antiparkinsonian agent. Its antiviral mechanism involves inhibition of viral uncoating, thereby blocking influenza A M2 ion channel. In Parkinson's disease, it is thought to increase dopamine release and inhibit its reuptake, and may also have anticholinergic and NMDA receptor antagonist effects.
Penciclovir is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral DNA polymerase. It is phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase to penciclovir triphosphate, which competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase and terminates DNA chain elongation.
100 mg orally twice daily for Parkinson's disease; 100 mg orally twice daily for influenza A prophylaxis/treatment (up to 200 mg/day).
Topical: Apply 1% cream every 2 hours while awake (approximately 9 times/day) for 4 days. Oral: 500 mg twice daily for 5 days.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateAmantadine + Haloperidol
"The therapeutic efficacy of Haloperidol can be decreased when used in combination with Amantadine."
Clinical Note
moderateAmantadine + Mifepristone
"Amantadine may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Mifepristone."
Clinical Note
moderateAmantadine + Promazine
"The therapeutic efficacy of Promazine can be decreased when used in combination with Amantadine."
Clinical Note
moderateAmantadine + Chlorpromazine
Terminal elimination half-life: 10-14 hours in young adults, up to 24 hours in elderly; prolonged to >24 hours in renal impairment
Terminal half-life: 2.0–2.5 hours (healthy adults); prolonged to ~9–10 hours in renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min); clinical context: dosing interval adjusted based on renal function.
Renal: 90% as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; fecal: <10%
Renal excretion: >70% as unchanged penciclovir via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Category C
Category A/B
Antiviral / Antiparkinsonian
Antiviral
"The therapeutic efficacy of Chlorpromazine can be decreased when used in combination with Amantadine."