Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMINOPHYLLINE DYE FREE versus SLO BID.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMINOPHYLLINE DYE FREE versus SLO BID.
AMINOPHYLLINE DYE FREE vs SLO-BID
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Aminophylline is a salt form of theophylline that exerts bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, increasing intracellular cAMP. It also blocks adenosine receptors, stimulates central respiratory drive, and reduces diaphragmatic fatigue.
Relaxes smooth muscle of bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, increasing intracellular cAMP, and promoting bronchodilation.
Loading dose: 6 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes (use ideal body weight). Maintenance: 0.5-0.7 mg/kg/hour IV infusion for non-smoking adults; 0.8-1.0 mg/kg/hour for smokers. Oral: 200-400 mg every 6-8 hours (extended-release formulations available).
Dose: 300-600 mg orally every 12 hours. Immediate-release: 5 mg/kg loading dose then 3 mg/kg every 6 hours. Extended-release: 10-15 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours. Titrate to serum theophylline concentration of 5-15 mcg/mL.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 7-9 hours in healthy adults. In smokers, half-life decreases to 4-5 hours. In patients with hepatic cirrhosis, heart failure, or COPD, half-life may prolong to 20-30 hours.
Terminal elimination half-life: 3-15 hours (mean ~10 hours in adults; 20-30 hours in neonates; 1-5 hours in smokers). Clinically, half-life decreases with smoking, increases with hepatic disease, heart failure, and certain drugs (e.g., cimetidine, ciprofloxacin).
Primarily hepatic metabolism (approximately 90%) to 1,3-dimethyluric acid and other metabolites; renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for about 10-13% of the dose. Less than 1% is excreted via bile or feces.
Renal: 90% as metabolites (caffeine, theobromine, paraxanthine, and unchanged drug; 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 1-methyluric acid, and 3-methylxanthine). Biliary/fecal: <10%.
Category C
Category C
Xanthine Bronchodilator
Xanthine Bronchodilator