Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE versus CAPOTEN.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE versus CAPOTEN.
AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE vs CAPOTEN
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, causing peripheral vasodilation and reduction of peripheral vascular resistance. Benazepril is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to benazeprilat, a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thereby reducing vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, and sodium and water retention.
Competitive inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to decreased vasoconstriction, reduced aldosterone secretion, and increased plasma renin activity.
Oral, one capsule daily. Initial: 2.5 mg/10 mg for patients not on either drug; up to 10 mg/40 mg daily.
50 mg orally three times daily initially; maintenance 50-100 mg three times daily; maximum 450 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Amlodipine terminal half-life 30-50 hours (allows once-daily dosing; steady state reached after 7-10 days). Benazeprilat effective half-life 10-11 hours (accumulation minimal).
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.9 hours in healthy subjects, but prolonged in heart failure (up to 3-4 hours) and renal impairment (up to 5-10 hours).
Amlodipine: 60% renal (10% unchanged, rest as metabolites), 20-25% biliary/feces. Benazepril: 11-12% renal (as unchanged benazepril and benazeprilat), 85-90% biliary (as benazeprilat conjugates).
Primarily renal (approximately 60-75% as unchanged drug and metabolites) and biliary/fecal (approximately 20%).
Category D/X
Category C
ACE Inhibitor
ACE Inhibitor