Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMPICILLIN SODIUM versus BACTOCILL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AMPICILLIN SODIUM versus BACTOCILL.
AMPICILLIN SODIUM vs BACTOCILL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis and death.
BACTOCILL (nafcillin) is a penicillinase-resistant penicillin that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), thereby inhibiting transpeptidation and autolysin inhibitors. Active against Staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive bacteria.
1-2 g IV/IM every 4-6 hours for serious infections; maximum 12 g/day.
250-500 mg orally every 6 hours or 1-2 g intravenously every 4-6 hours
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life ~1 hour in healthy adults; prolonged to 2–5 hours in renal impairment (CrCl <10 mL/min) and up to 7–20 hours in anuria; neonatal half-life 2–4 hours.
0.5-0.8 hours; prolonged to 2-4 hours in severe renal impairment
Approximately 90% renal excretion via tubular secretion and glomerular filtration; small biliary excretion (<10%); fecal elimination negligible.
Renal: 60-70% unchanged; biliary: 20-30% as active metabolite; fecal: 5-10%
Category A/B
Category C
Penicillin Antibiotic
Penicillin Antibiotic