Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 IN DEXTROSE 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 IN DEXTROSE 5.
ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE vs LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.4% IN DEXTROSE 5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Arestocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the amide type. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthesia.
Lidocaine is a class IB antiarrhythmic agent that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibiting phase 0 depolarization and decreasing automaticity in ventricular myocardial cells. It also has local anesthetic properties by blocking nerve impulse conduction.
2-5 mg/kg intramuscularly every 60-90 minutes, not to exceed 500 mg total dose in a 12-hour period.
Intravenous infusion: 1-4 mg/min (0.25-1 mL/min of 0.4% solution) after a loading dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus for ventricular arrhythmias. Maximum total dose: 3 mg/kg.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic and renal function; prolonged in hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure.
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5-2 hours (mean 1.8 h) in healthy adults. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged to >3 hours. In neonates, half-life can be 3-6 hours.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites; approximately 90% excreted in urine as parent compound and metabolites (60% as unchanged drug, 30% as metabolites), with less than 10% fecal elimination.
Renal excretion of metabolites (primarily monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide) accounts for >90% of elimination. Less than 10% excreted unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal excretion is negligible.
Category C
Category A/B
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)