Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus XYLOCAINE 1 5 W DEXTROSE 7 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE versus XYLOCAINE 1 5 W DEXTROSE 7 5.
ARESTOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE vs XYLOCAINE 1.5% W/ DEXTROSE 7.5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Arestocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the amide type. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthesia.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the propagation of action potentials in peripheral nerves, leading to local anesthesia.
2-5 mg/kg intramuscularly every 60-90 minutes, not to exceed 500 mg total dose in a 12-hour period.
Spinal anesthesia: 1.5-2 mL (22.5-30 mg lidocaine) for lower extremity or perineal procedures; 2-3 mL (30-45 mg) for lower abdominal or urological procedures. Administered via lumbar puncture.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic and renal function; prolonged in hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function; may be prolonged to 3–5 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites; approximately 90% excreted in urine as parent compound and metabolites (60% as unchanged drug, 30% as metabolites), with less than 10% fecal elimination.
Renal excretion of metabolites (predominantly 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates) accounts for >80% of elimination; less than 10% eliminated unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal excretion of metabolites contributes <10%.
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic