Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AVALIDE versus LOSARTAN POTASSIUM.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AVALIDE versus LOSARTAN POTASSIUM.
AVALIDE vs LOSARTAN POTASSIUM
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Avalide is a combination of an angiotensin II receptor blocker (irbesartan) and a thiazide diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide). Irbesartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively antagonizing the AT1 receptor. Hydrochlorothiazide increases sodium and water excretion by inhibiting the Na+/Cl- symporter in the distal convoluted tubule.
Angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Blocks the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland, resulting in vasodilation and reduced aldosterone secretion.
AVALIDE (irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide) is available as tablets containing 150/12.5 mg, 300/12.5 mg, or 300/25 mg. The typical starting dose is 150/12.5 mg once daily, titrated to 300/12.5 mg once daily as needed. Maximum dose is 300/25 mg once daily.
50 mg orally once daily; may increase to 100 mg once daily based on blood pressure response.
None Documented
None Documented
Irbesartan: 11-15 h (terminal), HCTZ: 6-15 h (terminal). Clinical context: Steady state reached in 3-5 days; allows once-daily dosing.
Terminal elimination half-life: losartan ~2 hours; active metabolite E-3174 ~6-9 hours. Clinically, the long half-life of E-3174 allows once-daily dosing.
Renal: HCTZ ~70% unchanged; Irbesartan ~20% unchanged, remainder as metabolites via biliary (60%) and renal (20%). Combined: Renal ~50%, biliary/fecal ~50%.
Losartan and its active metabolite E-3174 are eliminated via renal (35% of dose) and biliary/fecal (60% of dose) routes. Approximately 4% of an oral dose is excreted unchanged in urine, while 6% is excreted as E-3174 in urine.
Category C
Category D/X
ARB and Thiazide Diuretic Combination
ARB