Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AZELASTINE HYDROCHLORIDE CHILDREN S ALLERGY versus BENADRYL PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: AZELASTINE HYDROCHLORIDE CHILDREN S ALLERGY versus BENADRYL PRESERVATIVE FREE.
AZELASTINE HYDROCHLORIDE CHILDREN'S ALLERGY vs BENADRYL PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Azelastine hydrochloride is a phthalazinone derivative that acts as a selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist. It inhibits the release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells, reduces chemotaxis, and decreases eosinophil activation. It also suppresses leukotriene and cytokine production.
Diphenhydramine competitively antagonizes histamine at H1-receptors on effector cells, leading to relief of allergic symptoms. It also possesses anticholinergic, antiemetic, sedative, and local anesthetic effects.
Azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray: 1 spray (137 mcg) per nostril twice daily; maximum 2 sprays per nostril twice daily.
25-50 mg IV/IM every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum single dose 100 mg, maximum daily dose 400 mg.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is 22–25 hours in adults; steady state achieved in 3–5 days. In children (6–11 years), half-life is similar (mean 22 hours).
Terminal elimination half-life: 4-8 hours (mean ~5 hours). Prolonged in hepatic impairment (up to 2-fold) and elderly (7-12 hours).
Primarily renal (approximately 75%), with about 50% as unchanged drug and 25% as metabolites via CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Fecal excretion accounts for ~20%.
Primarily renal (90% as metabolites and unchanged drug); ~1% excreted in feces via bile. Unchanged diphenhydramine accounts for <5% of urinary recovery.
Category C
Category C
Antihistamine
Antihistamine