Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER.
CARBOCAINE vs LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Mepivacaine, the active ingredient in Carbocaine, is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium ion channels in nerve cell membranes, thereby inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker, which stabilizes neuronal membranes and inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
1% to 2% solution, 5-20 mL local infiltration or nerve block; maximum dose 400 mg (or 7 mg/kg) per 90-minute period.
Intravenous: 50-100 mg bolus (1-2 mg/kg) over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min). Total maximum dose: 300 mg over 1 hour.
None Documented
None Documented
2.0–3.5 hours in adults; prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment (up to 8–10 hours) or renal dysfunction.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2.0 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged (>3 hours). Clinical context: short half-life requires continuous infusion for sustained antiarrhythmic effect.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for approximately 95% of elimination, with less than 5% excreted in feces via biliary elimination.
Renal: approximately 10% unchanged; hepatic metabolism to 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide, which are excreted renally. Total renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug accounts for >95% of the dose. Fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Category C
Category A/B
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)