Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus SYNERA.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus SYNERA.
CARBOCAINE vs SYNERA
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Mepivacaine, the active ingredient in Carbocaine, is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium ion channels in nerve cell membranes, thereby inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking nerve impulse initiation and conduction. Tetracaine is an ester-type local anesthetic that similarly inhibits sodium channels. The combination provides local dermal anesthesia.
1% to 2% solution, 5-20 mL local infiltration or nerve block; maximum dose 400 mg (or 7 mg/kg) per 90-minute period.
Apply 1 patch (70 mg lidocaine and 70 mg tetracaine) to intact skin over the intended venipuncture site or superficial dermatologic procedure site 20-30 minutes prior to procedure; maximum 1 patch per procedure.
None Documented
None Documented
2.0–3.5 hours in adults; prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment (up to 8–10 hours) or renal dysfunction.
Lidocaine: 1.5–2 hours; prilocaine: 1–1.5 hours. Terminal half-life similar for both. Note: prolonged in hepatic impairment or neonates.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for approximately 95% of elimination, with less than 5% excreted in feces via biliary elimination.
Renal excretion of lidocaine and prilocaine metabolites: lidocaine <10% unchanged, prilocaine negligible unchanged. Metabolites primarily renal.
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic