Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARBOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
CARBOCAINE vs XYLOCAINE DENTAL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Mepivacaine, the active ingredient in Carbocaine, is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium ion channels in nerve cell membranes, thereby inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
1% to 2% solution, 5-20 mL local infiltration or nerve block; maximum dose 400 mg (or 7 mg/kg) per 90-minute period.
Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:50,000): For infiltration/inferior alveolar nerve block, maximum dose 3.4 mg/kg (4.5 mg/kg with epinephrine 1:100,000) not to exceed 300 mg; usual adult dose: 1–5 mL (20–100 mg) administered via oral submucosal injection.
None Documented
None Documented
2.0–3.5 hours in adults; prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment (up to 8–10 hours) or renal dysfunction.
1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. Prolonged to 2–3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure; may exceed 5 hours in severe hepatic disease.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for approximately 95% of elimination, with less than 5% excreted in feces via biliary elimination.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of the dose. Approximately 70% is excreted as the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine; less than 10% is unchanged lidocaine. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic