Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARDIZEM CD versus CARDIZEM SR.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CARDIZEM CD versus CARDIZEM SR.
CARDIZEM CD vs CARDIZEM SR
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker that inhibits calcium ion influx across cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes, resulting in dilation of coronary arteries and peripheral arterioles, and decreased myocardial contractility and conduction velocity.
Diltiazem inhibits calcium ion influx across cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes during depolarization, leading to negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects, and vasodilation.
Hypertension: 180-360 mg once daily orally. Angina: 120-360 mg once daily orally. Maximum dose: 480 mg/day.
Oral: Initial dose 60-120 mg twice daily; titrate to maximum 360 mg/day divided into two doses.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 6-8 hours (single dose), prolonged to 10-15 hours with multiple dosing or in elderly/hepatic impairment. Clinical context: Therapeutic steady-state achieved in 2-4 days.
3.0-4.5 hours for diltiazem; metabolites (e.g., desacetyldiltiazem) up to 10 hours. Clinical context: dosing interval adjustment in hepatic impairment.
Renal: ~2-4% (unchanged), Hepatic metabolism to multiple metabolites; ~65% renal (metabolites), ~35% fecal/biliary. Total clearance: 5-7 mL/kg/min.
Renal: 2-4% unchanged; hepatic metabolism: ~60-70% (including active metabolites); fecal: ~30-40%.
Category C
Category C
Calcium Channel Blocker
Calcium Channel Blocker