Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CELONTIN versus DIVALPROEX SODIUM.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: CELONTIN versus DIVALPROEX SODIUM.
CELONTIN vs DIVALPROEX SODIUM
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Increases levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, possibly by inhibiting GABA transaminase or enhancing GABA release; also reduces calcium influx into neurons, stabilizing neuronal membranes.
Increases brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, and modulates T-type calcium channels.
300 mg orally three times daily, increased by 300 mg every 3-4 days as tolerated; usual maintenance dose 900-2400 mg/day in divided doses.
10-15 mg/kg/day orally in divided doses; increase by 5-10 mg/kg/week; maximum 60 mg/kg/day. Extended-release: 25 mg/kg/day orally; increase by 15 mg/kg/day at weekly intervals; maximum 60 mg/kg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 40-60 hours in adults, 30-45 hours in children; prolonged liver disease or renal impairment may increase half-life.
9-16 hours (terminal); shorter in children (6-9 hours) and longer in hepatic disease or elderly; clinical context: twice-daily dosing provides stable trough concentrations.
Renal: approximately 40-60% as unchanged drug; hepatic metabolism accounts for the remainder, with metabolites excreted renally.
Renal: <3% unchanged; primarily hepatic metabolism (glucuronidation, beta-oxidation, cytochrome P450), metabolites eliminated renally; fecal: negligible.
Category C
Category D/X
Anticonvulsant
Anticonvulsant