Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMPAGLIFLOZIN versus INVOKAMET.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMPAGLIFLOZIN versus INVOKAMET.
EMPAGLIFLOZIN vs INVOKAMET
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor; reduces renal glucose reabsorption, increasing urinary glucose excretion.
INVOKAMET is a combination of canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, and metformin, a biguanide. Canagliflozin inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the renal proximal tubules, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity.
10 mg orally once daily, with or without food; may increase to 25 mg once daily if eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m² and additional glycemic control needed.
Oral: Starting dose: 5 mg canagliflozin/500 mg metformin hydrochloride extended-release twice daily; titrate based on efficacy and tolerability, maximum 150 mg/1000 mg twice daily.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateEmpagliflozin + Gatifloxacin
"Empagliflozin may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Gatifloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateEmpagliflozin + Rosoxacin
"Empagliflozin may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Rosoxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateEmpagliflozin + Levofloxacin
"Empagliflozin may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Levofloxacin."
Clinical Note
moderateEmpagliflozin + Trovafloxacin
"Empagliflozin may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Trovafloxacin."
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 12.4 hours (range 10-18 h) in patients with T2DM; supports once-daily dosing.
Canagliflozin: 10–13 hours (multiple dosing); Metformin: 6.2 hours (plasma). Accumulation occurs in renal impairment.
Renal (54% as unchanged drug) and fecal (41% as unchanged drug or metabolites); biliary excretion is minimal.
Canagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor): ~33% renal (1% unchanged, ~33% as glucuronide metabolites), ~52% fecal. Metformin (biguanide): 90% renal unchanged via tubular secretion.
Category C
Category C
SGLT2 Inhibitor
SGLT2 Inhibitor / Biguanide Combination