Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRICITABINE versus EMTRICITABINE TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRICITABINE versus EMTRICITABINE TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE.
EMTRICITABINE vs EMTRICITABINE; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; phosphorylated to emtricitabine triphosphate which competes with endogenous deoxycytidine triphosphate and incorporates into viral DNA causing chain termination.
Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that is phosphorylated to its active metabolite, which competes with the natural substrate deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate and incorporates into viral DNA, causing chain termination. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI) that is converted to tenofovir, which is phosphorylated to tenofovir diphosphate and competes with deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, resulting in DNA chain termination. Both inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
200 mg orally once daily, typically in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
One tablet (emtricitabine 200 mg / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg) orally once daily.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateEmtricitabine + Ribavirin
"Emtricitabine may increase the hepatotoxic activities of Ribavirin."
Clinical Note
moderateLamivudine + Emtricitabine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lamivudine is combined with Emtricitabine."
Clinical Note
moderateGanciclovir + Emtricitabine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ganciclovir is combined with Emtricitabine."
Clinical Note
moderateValganciclovir + Emtricitabine
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 10 hours (range 8–12 hours) in adults with normal renal function; prolonged to >20 hours in severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min).
Emtricitabine: 10 hours (increased to 20-30 hours in renal impairment); Tenofovir: 17 hours (prolonged to 30-50 hours in renal impairment).
Renal: approximately 86% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. Biliary/fecal: minimal (<14% as unchanged drug and metabolites in feces).
Emtricitabine: 86% renal (glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion), 14% fecal; Tenofovir: 70-80% renal (glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion) as unchanged drug, remainder metabolized and excreted renally.
Category C
Category A/B
Antiretroviral, NRTI
NRTI
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valganciclovir is combined with Emtricitabine."