Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRICITABINE versus ZIDOVUDINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRICITABINE versus ZIDOVUDINE.
EMTRICITABINE vs ZIDOVUDINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; phosphorylated to emtricitabine triphosphate which competes with endogenous deoxycytidine triphosphate and incorporates into viral DNA causing chain termination.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; phosphorylated to zidovudine triphosphate, which competes with endogenous thymidine triphosphate and incorporates into viral DNA, causing chain termination.
200 mg orally once daily, typically in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
300 mg orally twice daily or 200 mg orally three times daily; alternatively 1 mg/kg intravenously every 4 hours (total 6 mg/kg/day).
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Teriflunomide
"The serum concentration of Teriflunomide can be increased when it is combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Probenecid
"The metabolism of Probenecid can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Sulfisoxazole
"The metabolism of Sulfisoxazole can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Erythromycin
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 10 hours (range 8–12 hours) in adults with normal renal function; prolonged to >20 hours in severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min).
Terminal elimination half-life is 0.5-3 hours (mean 1.1 hours). Intracellular triphosphate half-life is 3-4 hours. Clinically relevant for twice-daily dosing.
Renal: approximately 86% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. Biliary/fecal: minimal (<14% as unchanged drug and metabolites in feces).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for 14-18%; major metabolite is 5'-glucuronide (GZDV) excreted renally (60-80% of dose). Fecal excretion <2%.
Category C
Category A/B
Antiretroviral, NRTI
NRTI
"The metabolism of Erythromycin can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."