Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRIVA versus LAMIVUDINE NEVIRAPINE ZIDOVUDINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRIVA versus LAMIVUDINE NEVIRAPINE ZIDOVUDINE.
EMTRIVA vs LAMIVUDINE; NEVIRAPINE; ZIDOVUDINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; emtricitabine is phosphorylated to emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate which competes with deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA, resulting in chain termination.
Lamivudine and zidovudine are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) that inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by competing with natural nucleosides and causing chain termination. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that binds directly to reverse transcriptase and disrupts its catalytic site.
Emtricitabine 200 mg orally once daily.
One tablet (lamivudine 150 mg / nevirapine 200 mg / zidovudine 300 mg) orally twice daily.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life ~10 hours (mean 10 h, range 7-14 h) in adults; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 90 h in severe impairment)
Lamivudine: 5–7 hours in adults; Nevirapine: 25–30 hours (initial monotherapy), 20–25 hours (steady state); Zidovudine: 0.5–3 hours (mean 1.1 hours).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug (~86%) by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion; fecal excretion (<1%)
Lamivudine: ~70% renal (unchanged); Nevirapine: ~80% renal (metabolites), ~10% fecal; Zidovudine: ~75% renal (metabolite zidovudine glucuronide).
Category C
Category A/B
Antiretroviral, NRTI
NRTI