Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRIVA versus ZIDOVUDINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EMTRIVA versus ZIDOVUDINE.
EMTRIVA vs ZIDOVUDINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; emtricitabine is phosphorylated to emtricitabine 5'-triphosphate which competes with deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA, resulting in chain termination.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; phosphorylated to zidovudine triphosphate, which competes with endogenous thymidine triphosphate and incorporates into viral DNA, causing chain termination.
Emtricitabine 200 mg orally once daily.
300 mg orally twice daily or 200 mg orally three times daily; alternatively 1 mg/kg intravenously every 4 hours (total 6 mg/kg/day).
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life ~10 hours (mean 10 h, range 7-14 h) in adults; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 90 h in severe impairment)
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Teriflunomide
"The serum concentration of Teriflunomide can be increased when it is combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Probenecid
"The metabolism of Probenecid can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Sulfisoxazole
"The metabolism of Sulfisoxazole can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."
Clinical Note
moderateZidovudine + Erythromycin
Terminal elimination half-life is 0.5-3 hours (mean 1.1 hours). Intracellular triphosphate half-life is 3-4 hours. Clinically relevant for twice-daily dosing.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug (~86%) by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion; fecal excretion (<1%)
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for 14-18%; major metabolite is 5'-glucuronide (GZDV) excreted renally (60-80% of dose). Fecal excretion <2%.
Category C
Category A/B
Antiretroviral, NRTI
NRTI
"The metabolism of Erythromycin can be decreased when combined with Zidovudine."