Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EXPAREL versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: EXPAREL versus LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5.
EXPAREL vs LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Liposomal bupivacaine is a local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, inhibiting nerve impulse conduction and providing prolonged analgesia.
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Local infiltration: up to 266 mg (20 mL) as a single dose; interscalene brachial plexus block: up to 133 mg (10 mL); femoral nerve block: up to 133 mg (10 mL). Maximum dose 266 mg. Administer via slow injection with frequent aspiration.
1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous IV infusion of 1-4 mg/min for ventricular arrhythmias; maximum 3 mg/kg (or 200-300 mg) over 1 hour.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is 12-48 hours (mean ~24 hours), reflecting prolonged release from the multivesicular liposome depot.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2 hours (adults); prolonged in heart failure (up to 4-6 hours) or hepatic impairment (up to 5-7 hours).
Renal (approximately 96% as metabolites, <10% unchanged). Biliary/fecal excretion is negligible.
Renal: ~90% as metabolites and <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor (<1%).
Category C
Category A/B
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)