Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: IONTOCAINE versus PARACAINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: IONTOCAINE versus PARACAINE.
IONTOCAINE vs PARACAINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Iontocaine (lidocaine 2% and epinephrine 0.01%) combines a sodium channel blocker (lidocaine) to inhibit nerve impulse propagation, producing local anesthesia, with epinephrine causing vasoconstriction to reduce systemic absorption and prolong effect.
Local anesthetic that reversibly blocks sodium channels in neuronal membranes, inhibiting nerve impulse conduction.
IONTOCAINE is not a recognized drug. No standard dosing available.
10-20 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 80 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is 2.5-3.0 hours; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 6-8 hours).
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Fluticasone propionate
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Fluticasone propionate."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Clemastine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Clemastine."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Venlafaxine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Venlafaxine."
Clinical Note
moderate2.5 hours; prolonged to 8 hours in cirrhosis due to reduced hepatic metabolism
Primarily renal excretion of unchanged drug (70-80%) and glucuronide conjugate (15-20%); less than 10% fecal.
Renal: 90% (70% unchanged, 20% as paracainol glucuronide); Biliary/Fecal: 10%
Category C
Category C
Local Anesthetic
Local Anesthetic
Proparacaine + Nefazodone
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Nefazodone."