Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: KETOTIFEN FUMARATE versus PBZ.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: KETOTIFEN FUMARATE versus PBZ.
KETOTIFEN FUMARATE vs PBZ
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer; inhibits release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells; also blocks histamine H1 receptors.
PBZ (phenylbutazone) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis. It also has uricosuric effects.
1 mg orally twice daily; ophthalmic: 1 drop in each eye every 8-12 hours.
25-50 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed; not to exceed 300 mg/day. For severe allergies: 25 mg intramuscularly or intravenously every 4-6 hours.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal half-life 12-24 hours (mean 18 hours); requires twice-daily dosing after initial titration.
Terminal elimination half-life: 8-12 hours in adults; prolonged in renal impairment (up to 24 hours).
Renal (50-70% as conjugates, <2% unchanged), fecal (<10%), with enterohepatic circulation.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug (approximately 70-80%) with the remainder as metabolites. Biliary/fecal excretion accounts for <5%.
Category A/B
Category C
Antihistamine / Mast Cell Stabilizer
Antihistamine