Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LANTRISUL versus NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LANTRISUL versus NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE MACROCRYSTALS.
LANTRISUL vs NITROFURANTOIN (MONOHYDRATE/MACROCRYSTALS)
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lantrisul (sulfadimethoxine) is a sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase, thereby blocking folic acid synthesis and ultimately nucleic acid production in susceptible bacteria.
Nitrofurantoin is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and DNA/RNA synthesis. It is bacteriostatic at low concentrations and bactericidal at higher concentrations.
Intravenous: 3 mg/kg every 8 hours for 14 days, then 5 mg/kg every 12 hours for 14 days; oral: 800 mg (10 mg/kg) twice daily after intravenous phase.
100 mg orally twice daily for 5-7 days; for uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is 18 hours (range 16-20 h). This supports once-daily dosing; steady-state achieved after 3-4 days.
Terminal elimination half-life: 20-60 minutes (average ~30 min) in patients with normal renal function; prolonged in renal impairment (e.g., CrCl <60 mL/min).
Approximately 70% renal excretion as unchanged drug, 15% fecal elimination via biliary secretion, 10% metabolized to inactive glucuronide conjugate eliminated renally, 5% other minor pathways.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug accounts for approximately 40% of the dose; tubular reabsorption occurs. Biliary/fecal elimination is minimal (<5%).
Category C
Category D/X
Antibiotic
Antibiotic