Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE 5 W GLUCOSE 7 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE 5 W GLUCOSE 7 5.
LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE vs XYLOCAINE 5% W/ GLUCOSE 7.5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine and prilocaine are amide-type local anesthetics that stabilize neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion channels, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion channels, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Apply 2.5 g cream (lidocaine 25 mg/prilocaine 25 mg) to intact skin under occlusive dressing; maximum single application area 400 cm², maximum application time 4 hours. For genital mucous membranes: apply 5-10 g for 5-10 minutes without occlusion. Not recommended for dental use.
Adult: 5-25 mL (250-1250 mg lidocaine) of 5% lidocaine with glucose 7.5% solution, administered by caudal or lumbar epidural injection, single dose. Max total dose: 1250 mg.
None Documented
None Documented
Lidocaine: 1.5-2 hours; prilocaine: 1.5-2 hours. In hepatic impairment, half-life may be prolonged up to 2-3 times.
1.5-2 hours (terminal); prolonged in heart failure, hepatic disease, or elderly; neonates 3-6 hours due to immature hepatic function.
Renal excretion of metabolites (lidocaine: 70-80% as 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates; prilocaine: 85-95% as o-toluidine metabolites and conjugates). Less than 10% of parent drugs excreted unchanged.
Hepatic metabolism (90% N-dealkylation by CYP1A2/CYP3A4 to monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide); renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug (<10% unchanged); <1% biliary/fecal.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic