Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE vs XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine and prilocaine are amide-type local anesthetics that stabilize neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion channels, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking impulse initiation and conduction. It binds to voltage-gated sodium channels in the inactivated state, preventing depolarization and propagation of action potentials.
Apply 2.5 g cream (lidocaine 25 mg/prilocaine 25 mg) to intact skin under occlusive dressing; maximum single application area 400 cm², maximum application time 4 hours. For genital mucous membranes: apply 5-10 g for 5-10 minutes without occlusion. Not recommended for dental use.
Adult dose: 1-30 mL of 1% or 2% solution (10-600 mg) via subcutaneous infiltration, peripheral nerve block, or epidural; max 4.5 mg/kg (300 mg without epinephrine, 7 mg/kg [500 mg] with epinephrine) per 2-hour period.
None Documented
None Documented
Lidocaine: 1.5-2 hours; prilocaine: 1.5-2 hours. In hepatic impairment, half-life may be prolonged up to 2-3 times.
Terminal elimination half-life approximately 1.5-2 hours in adults; prolonged in hepatic impairment (up to 3-4 hours) and congestive heart failure.
Renal excretion of metabolites (lidocaine: 70-80% as 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates; prilocaine: 85-95% as o-toluidine metabolites and conjugates). Less than 10% of parent drugs excreted unchanged.
Renal excretion of metabolites (90-95% as metabolites, <5% unchanged); biliary/fecal excretion minimal (<1%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic