Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus POLOCAINE MPF.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus POLOCAINE MPF.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs POLOCAINE-MPF
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker, which stabilizes neuronal membranes and inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Polocaine-MPF (mepivacaine hydrochloride) is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium ion channels in nerve cell membranes, thereby preventing the initiation and propagation of nerve impulses. This results in reversible loss of sensation in the area of administration.
Intravenous: 50-100 mg bolus (1-2 mg/kg) over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min). Total maximum dose: 300 mg over 1 hour.
Adults: 1-2 cartridges (1.8 mL each) of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine administered via local infiltration or nerve block, not to exceed 7 mg/kg (maximum 500 mg) for lidocaine.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2.0 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged (>3 hours). Clinical context: short half-life requires continuous infusion for sustained antiarrhythmic effect.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2.0 hours in adults; prolonged in hepatic impairment (up to 4-6 hours) and severe renal impairment. Clinical context: short half-life supports continuous infusion for sustained effect.
Renal: approximately 10% unchanged; hepatic metabolism to 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide, which are excreted renally. Total renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug accounts for >95% of the dose. Fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal: >90% as metabolites, primarily 4-hydroxy-2',6'-dimethylacetanilide and pipecoloxylidide; unchanged drug <5%. Biliary/fecal: <5%.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic