Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 1 5 W DEXTROSE 7 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 1 5 W DEXTROSE 7 5.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE 1.5% W/ DEXTROSE 7.5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker, which stabilizes neuronal membranes and inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks sodium channels, thereby inhibiting the propagation of action potentials in peripheral nerves, leading to local anesthesia.
Intravenous: 50-100 mg bolus (1-2 mg/kg) over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min). Total maximum dose: 300 mg over 1 hour.
Spinal anesthesia: 1.5-2 mL (22.5-30 mg lidocaine) for lower extremity or perineal procedures; 2-3 mL (30-45 mg) for lower abdominal or urological procedures. Administered via lumbar puncture.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2.0 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged (>3 hours). Clinical context: short half-life requires continuous infusion for sustained antiarrhythmic effect.
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function; may be prolonged to 3–5 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure.
Renal: approximately 10% unchanged; hepatic metabolism to 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide, which are excreted renally. Total renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug accounts for >95% of the dose. Fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal excretion of metabolites (predominantly 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates) accounts for >80% of elimination; less than 10% eliminated unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal excretion of metabolites contributes <10%.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic