Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 4 PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 4 PRESERVATIVE FREE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE 4% PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker, which stabilizes neuronal membranes and inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx through voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby blocking the initiation and propagation of action potentials, resulting in local anesthesia.
Intravenous: 50-100 mg bolus (1-2 mg/kg) over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min). Total maximum dose: 300 mg over 1 hour.
Maximum 4.5 mg/kg (not to exceed 300 mg) via subcutaneous infiltration, epidural, or nerve block; repeat dosing after 30 minutes if needed.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2.0 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged (>3 hours). Clinical context: short half-life requires continuous infusion for sustained antiarrhythmic effect.
Terminal elimination half-life: ~1.5–2 hours (adults). Prolonged in hepatic impairment, congestive heart failure, or neonates.
Renal: approximately 10% unchanged; hepatic metabolism to 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide, which are excreted renally. Total renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug accounts for >95% of the dose. Fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal: ~90% as metabolites (mostly 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates); <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic