Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 1 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker, which stabilizes neuronal membranes and inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking impulse initiation and conduction. It binds to voltage-gated sodium channels in the inactivated state, preventing depolarization and propagation of action potentials.
Intravenous: 50-100 mg bolus (1-2 mg/kg) over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min). Total maximum dose: 300 mg over 1 hour.
Adult dose: 1-30 mL of 1% or 2% solution (10-600 mg) via subcutaneous infiltration, peripheral nerve block, or epidural; max 4.5 mg/kg (300 mg without epinephrine, 7 mg/kg [500 mg] with epinephrine) per 2-hour period.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2.0 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. In patients with hepatic impairment or heart failure, half-life may be prolonged (>3 hours). Clinical context: short half-life requires continuous infusion for sustained antiarrhythmic effect.
Terminal elimination half-life approximately 1.5-2 hours in adults; prolonged in hepatic impairment (up to 3-4 hours) and congestive heart failure.
Renal: approximately 10% unchanged; hepatic metabolism to 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide, which are excreted renally. Total renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug accounts for >95% of the dose. Fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Renal excretion of metabolites (90-95% as metabolites, <5% unchanged); biliary/fecal excretion minimal (<1%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic