Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus NESACAINE MPF.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus NESACAINE MPF.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs NESACAINE-MPF
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby producing local anesthesia. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Nesacaine-MPF (chloroprocaine) is an ester-type local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking impulse conduction in nerve fibers.
Intravenous administration: Initial dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg (up to 300 mg total) given at a rate not exceeding 50 mg/min. Followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min) for arrhythmia management.
1% solution: 2.5-30 mL (25-300 mg) subcutaneously or locally; maximum 30 mL per dose. 2% solution: 1.25-15 mL (25-300 mg) subcutaneously or locally; maximum 15 mL per dose.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours (prolonged to 2–3 hours in hepatic impairment; unchanged in renal impairment).
Terminal half-life: 3-4 hours (adults); prolonged in hepatic or renal impairment.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites: 10% unchanged, 90% as metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide). Less than 1% biliary/fecal.
Renal excretion of metabolites; <10% unchanged drug. Biliary/fecal elimination minor.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic