Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs PRILOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby producing local anesthesia. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Prilocaine hydrochloride is an amino amide local anesthetic that reversibly blocks sodium channels in nerve cell membranes, inhibiting nerve impulse propagation.
Intravenous administration: Initial dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg (up to 300 mg total) given at a rate not exceeding 50 mg/min. Followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min) for arrhythmia management.
Adults: 4 mg/kg (max 200 mg) via infiltration or nerve block; may repeat after 2 hours with 50% of initial dose.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours (prolonged to 2–3 hours in hepatic impairment; unchanged in renal impairment).
Terminal half-life: 1.5-2 hours (adults, normal hepatic function). Prolonged in neonates (up to 8-12 hours) due to immature hepatic metabolism and reduced clearance; may cause methemoglobinemia. Hepatic impairment increases half-life.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites: 10% unchanged, 90% as metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide). Less than 1% biliary/fecal.
Renal: ~95% as metabolites (primarily o-toluidine and 4-hydroxy-2-methylaniline) and <5% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minimal (<2%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic