Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby producing local anesthesia. Dextrose 5% provides caloric support.
Tetracaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the ester type that reversibly blocks nerve conduction by decreasing sodium ion permeability across the neuronal membrane, thereby stabilizing the membrane and preventing the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses.
Intravenous administration: Initial dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg (up to 300 mg total) given at a rate not exceeding 50 mg/min. Followed by continuous infusion at 1-4 mg/min (20-50 mcg/kg/min) for arrhythmia management.
Topical: 0.5-2% solution or ointment applied to affected area up to 4 times daily as needed. Maximum single dose: 20 mL of 2% solution (400 mg). Spinal anesthesia: 0.5% solution, 2-3 mL (10-15 mg) injected intrathecally.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours (prolonged to 2–3 hours in hepatic impairment; unchanged in renal impairment).
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–3 minutes in plasma due to rapid hydrolysis; clinical effect duration is dose-dependent (15–30 minutes for topical anesthesia).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites: 10% unchanged, 90% as metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and glycylxylidide). Less than 1% biliary/fecal.
Primarily metabolized by plasma pseudocholinesterase; renal excretion of metabolites accounts for >95% of elimination, with <2% excreted unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal elimination is negligible.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic