Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for initiation and conduction of impulses, resulting in local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic effects.
Lidocaine binds to and inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels in the neuronal membrane, stabilizing the membrane and preventing the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby producing local anesthesia.
Intravenous infusion: 1-4 mg/min (0.2% solution = 2 mg/mL) for antiarrhythmic therapy; loading dose 1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus, then infusion. Maximum infusion rate 4 mg/min.
1-5 mg/kg (max 300 mg) local infiltration; epidural: 1-2% solution, 5-20 mL.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2 hours (mean 1.8 h) in adults with normal hepatic function; may be prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment (e.g., cirrhosis) or heart failure (up to 10 h), and in neonates (3–6 h).
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours in adults, prolonged to 2-3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment, and may exceed 5 hours in neonates or patients with heart failure.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of elimination, with ~10% as unchanged lidocaine and ~90% as metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine, with minor contribution from monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide). Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<1%).
Hepatic metabolism (primarily by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4) to metabolites, mainly monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX); less than 10% excreted unchanged in urine. Renal excretion of metabolites: MEGX (70-80%) and GX (10-20%). Biliary/fecal elimination is minimal.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic