Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 4 PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 4 PRESERVATIVE FREE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE 4% PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocker that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for initiation and conduction of impulses, resulting in local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic effects.
Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx through voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby blocking the initiation and propagation of action potentials, resulting in local anesthesia.
Intravenous infusion: 1-4 mg/min (0.2% solution = 2 mg/mL) for antiarrhythmic therapy; loading dose 1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus, then infusion. Maximum infusion rate 4 mg/min.
Maximum 4.5 mg/kg (not to exceed 300 mg) via subcutaneous infiltration, epidural, or nerve block; repeat dosing after 30 minutes if needed.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2 hours (mean 1.8 h) in adults with normal hepatic function; may be prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment (e.g., cirrhosis) or heart failure (up to 10 h), and in neonates (3–6 h).
Terminal elimination half-life: ~1.5–2 hours (adults). Prolonged in hepatic impairment, congestive heart failure, or neonates.
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of elimination, with ~10% as unchanged lidocaine and ~90% as metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine, with minor contribution from monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide). Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<1%).
Renal: ~90% as metabolites (mostly 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine and conjugates); <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic