Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus NOVOCAIN.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus NOVOCAIN.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5% vs NOVOCAIN
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Procaine, an ester-type local anesthetic, reversibly binds to the intracellular portion of voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibiting sodium influx and blocking nerve impulse conduction.
1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous IV infusion of 1-4 mg/min for ventricular arrhythmias; maximum 3 mg/kg (or 200-300 mg) over 1 hour.
Local infiltration: 0.5% solution, up to 20 mL (100 mg) per dose; nerve block: 1-2% solution, 5-10 mL (50-200 mg); maximum single dose: 7 mg/kg or 350 mg (without epinephrine).
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2 hours (adults); prolonged in heart failure (up to 4-6 hours) or hepatic impairment (up to 5-7 hours).
Plasma half-life: approximately 30–60 seconds due to rapid hydrolysis by pseudocholinesterases; clinical effects short-lived.
Renal: ~90% as metabolites and <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor (<1%).
Renal excretion of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and diethylaminoethanol as major metabolites; <2% excreted unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal: minimal.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic