Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5% vs TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Tetracaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic of the ester type that reversibly blocks nerve conduction by decreasing sodium ion permeability across the neuronal membrane, thereby stabilizing the membrane and preventing the initiation and transmission of nerve impulses.
1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous IV infusion of 1-4 mg/min for ventricular arrhythmias; maximum 3 mg/kg (or 200-300 mg) over 1 hour.
Topical: 0.5-2% solution or ointment applied to affected area up to 4 times daily as needed. Maximum single dose: 20 mL of 2% solution (400 mg). Spinal anesthesia: 0.5% solution, 2-3 mL (10-15 mg) injected intrathecally.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2 hours (adults); prolonged in heart failure (up to 4-6 hours) or hepatic impairment (up to 5-7 hours).
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–3 minutes in plasma due to rapid hydrolysis; clinical effect duration is dose-dependent (15–30 minutes for topical anesthesia).
Renal: ~90% as metabolites and <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor (<1%).
Primarily metabolized by plasma pseudocholinesterase; renal excretion of metabolites accounts for >95% of elimination, with <2% excreted unchanged in urine. Biliary/fecal elimination is negligible.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic