Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 2 IN DEXTROSE 5 versus XYLOCAINE DENTAL.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.2% IN DEXTROSE 5% vs XYLOCAINE DENTAL
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
1-1.5 mg/kg IV bolus over 2-3 minutes, followed by continuous IV infusion of 1-4 mg/min for ventricular arrhythmias; maximum 3 mg/kg (or 200-300 mg) over 1 hour.
Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 or 1:50,000): For infiltration/inferior alveolar nerve block, maximum dose 3.4 mg/kg (4.5 mg/kg with epinephrine 1:100,000) not to exceed 300 mg; usual adult dose: 1–5 mL (20–100 mg) administered via oral submucosal injection.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5-2 hours (adults); prolonged in heart failure (up to 4-6 hours) or hepatic impairment (up to 5-7 hours).
1.5–2 hours in adults with normal hepatic function. Prolonged to 2–3 hours in patients with hepatic impairment or congestive heart failure; may exceed 5 hours in severe hepatic disease.
Renal: ~90% as metabolites and <10% unchanged. Biliary/fecal: minor (<1%).
Renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolites accounts for >95% of the dose. Approximately 70% is excreted as the metabolite 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine; less than 10% is unchanged lidocaine. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<5%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic