Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus LIDODERM.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus LIDODERM.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.4% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs LIDODERM
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a amide-type local anesthetic that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels in neuronal membranes, inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose provides calories and does not have pharmacological activity.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.7) in nerve cell membranes, inhibiting depolarization and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby producing both local anesthesia and systemic analgesia.
Intravenous administration: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus, followed by 1-4 mg/min continuous infusion for ventricular arrhythmias. Maximum total dose: 3 mg/kg bolus; infusion for up to 24 hours. Note: 0.4% concentration = 4 mg/mL, 5% dextrose as diluent.
Apply 1 to 3 patches (5% lidocaine) to intact skin over most painful area for up to 12 hours within a 24-hour period; maximum 3 patches at once.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours after a single dose in healthy adults. In patients with hepatic impairment, heart failure, or prolonged infusion, half-life can increase to >3 hours due to reduced clearance. Neonates: 3–6.3 hours.
Terminal elimination half-life is 3–5 hours after topical application; after intravenous administration, half-life is 1.5–2 hours. Clinical context: Systemic accumulation possible with prolonged use on inflamed skin.
Renal: Approximately 90% of lidocaine is metabolized in the liver, and less than 10% is excreted unchanged in urine. The major metabolites (monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide) are excreted renally. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<1%).
Renal excretion of metabolites (primarily 4-hydroxy-2,6-xylidine glucuronide) accounts for >85% of elimination; <3% excreted unchanged; biliary/fecal elimination minimal (<10%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic