Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus PARACAINE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 4 AND DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus PARACAINE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.4% AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs PARACAINE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is a amide-type local anesthetic that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels in neuronal membranes, inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. Dextrose provides calories and does not have pharmacological activity.
Local anesthetic that reversibly blocks sodium channels in neuronal membranes, inhibiting nerve impulse conduction.
Intravenous administration: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus, followed by 1-4 mg/min continuous infusion for ventricular arrhythmias. Maximum total dose: 3 mg/kg bolus; infusion for up to 24 hours. Note: 0.4% concentration = 4 mg/mL, 5% dextrose as diluent.
10-20 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum 80 mg/day.
None Documented
None Documented
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Fluticasone propionate
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Fluticasone propionate."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Clemastine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Clemastine."
Clinical Note
moderateProparacaine + Venlafaxine
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Venlafaxine."
Clinical Note
moderateTerminal elimination half-life: 1.5–2 hours after a single dose in healthy adults. In patients with hepatic impairment, heart failure, or prolonged infusion, half-life can increase to >3 hours due to reduced clearance. Neonates: 3–6.3 hours.
2.5 hours; prolonged to 8 hours in cirrhosis due to reduced hepatic metabolism
Renal: Approximately 90% of lidocaine is metabolized in the liver, and less than 10% is excreted unchanged in urine. The major metabolites (monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide) are excreted renally. Biliary/fecal excretion is minimal (<1%).
Renal: 90% (70% unchanged, 20% as paracainol glucuronide); Biliary/Fecal: 10%
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic
Proparacaine + Nefazodone
"The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Proparacaine is combined with Nefazodone."