Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 8 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 5 W GLUCOSE 7 5.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 8 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE 5 W GLUCOSE 7 5.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.8% IN DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE 5% W/ GLUCOSE 7.5%
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that acts by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. This stabilizes the neuronal membrane and produces a reversible loss of sensation.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion channels, thereby blocking the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.
Intravenous administration: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus, followed by 1-4 mg/min continuous infusion for ventricular arrhythmias. Max dose: 3 mg/kg bolus, 4 mg/min infusion.
Adult: 5-25 mL (250-1250 mg lidocaine) of 5% lidocaine with glucose 7.5% solution, administered by caudal or lumbar epidural injection, single dose. Max total dose: 1250 mg.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2.0 hours after a single IV dose. In patients with heart failure or hepatic impairment, it may be prolonged to >3 hours. After continuous infusion, the half-life may increase due to accumulation.
1.5-2 hours (terminal); prolonged in heart failure, hepatic disease, or elderly; neonates 3-6 hours due to immature hepatic function.
Lidocaine is primarily metabolized in the liver by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to active metabolites (MEGX, GX). Less than 10% is excreted unchanged in urine. Renal excretion accounts for about 20% of total clearance as metabolites and parent drug; fecal elimination is minimal (<5%).
Hepatic metabolism (90% N-dealkylation by CYP1A2/CYP3A4 to monoethylglycinexylidide and glycinexylidide); renal excretion of metabolites and parent drug (<10% unchanged); <1% biliary/fecal.
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic