Comparative Pharmacology
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 8 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
Peer-Reviewed Evidence
Head-to-head clinical analysis: LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0 8 IN DEXTROSE 5 IN PLASTIC CONTAINER versus XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE.
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.8% IN DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER vs XYLOCAINE PRESERVATIVE FREE
Comparing the clinical profiles, pharmacokinetic behaviors, and safety indices of these two therapeutic agents.
Lidocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic that acts by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses. This stabilizes the neuronal membrane and produces a reversible loss of sensation.
Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting sodium ion influx, thereby blocking impulse initiation and conduction. It binds to voltage-gated sodium channels in the inactivated state, preventing depolarization and propagation of action potentials.
Intravenous administration: 1-1.5 mg/kg bolus, followed by 1-4 mg/min continuous infusion for ventricular arrhythmias. Max dose: 3 mg/kg bolus, 4 mg/min infusion.
Adult dose: 1-30 mL of 1% or 2% solution (10-600 mg) via subcutaneous infiltration, peripheral nerve block, or epidural; max 4.5 mg/kg (300 mg without epinephrine, 7 mg/kg [500 mg] with epinephrine) per 2-hour period.
None Documented
None Documented
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1.5–2.0 hours after a single IV dose. In patients with heart failure or hepatic impairment, it may be prolonged to >3 hours. After continuous infusion, the half-life may increase due to accumulation.
Terminal elimination half-life approximately 1.5-2 hours in adults; prolonged in hepatic impairment (up to 3-4 hours) and congestive heart failure.
Lidocaine is primarily metabolized in the liver by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 to active metabolites (MEGX, GX). Less than 10% is excreted unchanged in urine. Renal excretion accounts for about 20% of total clearance as metabolites and parent drug; fecal elimination is minimal (<5%).
Renal excretion of metabolites (90-95% as metabolites, <5% unchanged); biliary/fecal excretion minimal (<1%).
Category A/B
Category C
Local Anesthetic / Antiarrhythmic (Class Ib)
Local Anesthetic